Very high energy outburst of Markarian 501 in May 2009

E. Aliu; S. Archambault; A. Archer; T. Arlen; T. Aune; A. Barnacka; B. Behera; M. Beilicke; W. Benbow; K. Berger; R. Bird; M. Böttcher; A. Bouvier; M. Buchovecky; J. H. Buckley; V. Bugaev; J. V. Cardenzana; M. Cerruti; A. Cesarini; X. Chen; L. Ciupik; E. Collins-Hughes; M. P. Connolly; W. Cui; J. P. Dumm; J. D. Eisch; A. D. Falcone; S. Federici; Q. Feng; J. P. Finley; H. Fleischhack; P. Fortin; L. F. Fortson; A. Furniss; N. Galante; D. Gall; G. H. Gillanders; S. Griffin; S. T. Griffiths; J. Grube; G. Gyuk; M. Hütten; N. Håkansson; J. Holder; G. Hughes; T. B. Humensky; C. A. Johnson; P. Kaaret; P. Kar; N. Kelley-Hoskins; M. Kertzman; Y. Khassen; D. B. Kieda; M. Krause; H. Krawczynski; F. Krennrich; A. S. Madhavan; G. Maier; S. McArthur; A. J. McCann; K. Meagher; J. Millis; Patrick Moriarty; R. Mukherjee; D. Nieto; A. O'Faoláin De Bhróithe; R. A. Ong; M. Orr; A. N. Otte; D. Pandel; N. Park; V. Pelassa; J. S. Perkins; A. Pichel; M. Pohl; A. Popkow; J. Quinn; K. Ragan; L. C. Reyes; P. T. Reynolds; E. Roache; J. Rousselle; A. C. Rovero; D. B. Saxon; G. H. Sembroski; K. Shahinyan; F. Sheidaei; C. Skole; A. W. Smith; D. Staszak; I. Telezhinsky; M. Theiling; N. W. Todd; J. V. Tucci; J. Tyler; A. Varlotta; V. V. Vassiliev; S. Vincent; S. P. Wakely; O. M. Weiner; A. Weinstein; R. Welsing; A. Wilhelm; D. A. Williams; B. Zitzer; M. G. Baring; J. Becerra González; A. N. Cillis; D. Horan; D. Paneque

doi:10.13025/27910

Very high energy outburst of Markarian 501 in May 2009

E. Aliu
, S. Archambault
, A. Archer
, T. Arlen
, T. Aune
, A. Barnacka
, B. Behera
, M. Beilicke
, W. Benbow
, K. Berger
, R. Bird
, M. Böttcher
, A. Bouvier
, M. Buchovecky
, J. H. Buckley
, V. Bugaev
, J. V. Cardenzana
, M. Cerruti
, A. Cesarini
, X. Chen

L. Ciupik, E. Collins-Hughes, M. P. Connolly, W. Cui, J. P. Dumm, J. D. Eisch, A. D. Falcone, S. Federici, Q. Feng, J. P. Finley, H. Fleischhack, P. Fortin, L. F. Fortson, A. Furniss, N. Galante, D. Gall, G. H. Gillanders, S. Griffin, S. T. Griffiths, J. Grube, G. Gyuk, M. Hütten, N. Håkansson, J. Holder, G. Hughes, T. B. Humensky, C. A. Johnson, P. Kaaret, P. Kar, N. Kelley-Hoskins, M. Kertzman, Y. Khassen, D. B. Kieda, M. Krause, H. Krawczynski, F. Krennrich, A. S. Madhavan, G. Maier, S. McArthur, A. J. McCann, K. Meagher, J. Millis, Patrick Moriarty, R. Mukherjee, D. Nieto, A. O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, R. A. Ong, M. Orr, A. N. Otte, D. Pandel, N. Park, V. Pelassa, J. S. Perkins, A. Pichel, M. Pohl, A. Popkow, J. Quinn, K. Ragan, L. C. Reyes, P. T. Reynolds, E. Roache, J. Rousselle, A. C. Rovero, D. B. Saxon, G. H. Sembroski, K. Shahinyan, F. Sheidaei, C. Skole, A. W. Smith, D. Staszak, I. Telezhinsky, M. Theiling, N. W. Todd, J. V. Tucci, J. Tyler, A. Varlotta, V. V. Vassiliev, S. Vincent, S. P. Wakely, O. M. Weiner, A. Weinstein, R. Welsing, A. Wilhelm, D. A. Williams, B. Zitzer, M. G. Baring, J. Becerra González, A. N. Cillis, D. Horan, D. Paneque

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Abstract

The very high energy (VHE; E 100 GeV) blazar Markarian 501 was observed between April 17 and May 5 (MJD 54 938-54 956), 2009, as part of an extensive multiwavelength campaign from radio to VHE. Strong VHE yray activity was detected on May 1st with Whipple and VERITAS, when the flux (E 400 GeV) increased to 10 times the preflare baseline flux (3.9 x 10(-11) ph cm(-2) s(-1)), reaching five times the flux of the Crab Nebula. This coincided with a decrease in the optical polarization and a rotation of the polarization angle by 15. This VHE flare showed a fast flux variation with an increase of a factor similar to 4 in 25 min, and a falling time of similar to 50 min. We present the observations of the quiescent state previous to the flare and of the high state after the flare, focusing on the flux and spectral variability from Whipple, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, RXTE, and Swift combined with optical and radio data.

Original language	English (Ireland)
Article number	A76
Journal	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Volume	594
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.13025/27910 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628744
Publication status	Published - 1 Oct 2016

Keywords

BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501
Gamma rays: galaxies

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10.13025/27910Licence: CC BY-NC-ND
10.1051/0004-6361/201628744

Cite this

Aliu, E., Archambault, S., Archer, A., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Barnacka, A., Behera, B., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berger, K., Bird, R., Böttcher, M., Bouvier, A., Buchovecky, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Cesarini, A., ... Paneque, D. (2016). Very high energy outburst of Markarian 501 in May 2009. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 594, Article A76. https://doi.org/10.13025/27910, https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628744

@article{bb3e5c7fe4f548afad59377bd07bbdd0,

title = "Very high energy outburst of Markarian 501 in May 2009",

abstract = "The very high energy (VHE; E 100 GeV) blazar Markarian 501 was observed between April 17 and May 5 (MJD 54 938-54 956), 2009, as part of an extensive multiwavelength campaign from radio to VHE. Strong VHE yray activity was detected on May 1st with Whipple and VERITAS, when the flux (E 400 GeV) increased to 10 times the preflare baseline flux (3.9 x 10(-11) ph cm(-2) s(-1)), reaching five times the flux of the Crab Nebula. This coincided with a decrease in the optical polarization and a rotation of the polarization angle by 15. This VHE flare showed a fast flux variation with an increase of a factor similar to 4 in 25 min, and a falling time of similar to 50 min. We present the observations of the quiescent state previous to the flare and of the high state after the flare, focusing on the flux and spectral variability from Whipple, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, RXTE, and Swift combined with optical and radio data.",

keywords = "BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501, Gamma rays: galaxies",

author = "E. Aliu and S. Archambault and A. Archer and T. Arlen and T. Aune and A. Barnacka and B. Behera and M. Beilicke and W. Benbow and K. Berger and R. Bird and M. B{\"o}ttcher and A. Bouvier and M. Buchovecky and Buckley, \{J. H.\} and V. Bugaev and Cardenzana, \{J. V.\} and M. Cerruti and A. Cesarini and X. Chen and L. Ciupik and E. Collins-Hughes and Connolly, \{M. P.\} and W. Cui and Dumm, \{J. P.\} and Eisch, \{J. D.\} and Falcone, \{A. D.\} and S. Federici and Q. Feng and Finley, \{J. P.\} and H. Fleischhack and P. Fortin and Fortson, \{L. F.\} and A. Furniss and N. Galante and D. Gall and Gillanders, \{G. H.\} and S. Griffin and Griffiths, \{S. T.\} and J. Grube and G. Gyuk and M. H{\"u}tten and N. H{\aa}kansson and J. Holder and G. Hughes and Humensky, \{T. B.\} and Johnson, \{C. A.\} and P. Kaaret and P. Kar and N. Kelley-Hoskins and M. Kertzman and Y. Khassen and Kieda, \{D. B.\} and M. Krause and H. Krawczynski and F. Krennrich and Mark Lang and Madhavan, \{A. S.\} and G. Maier and S. McArthur and McCann, \{A. J.\} and K. Meagher and J. Millis and Patrick Moriarty and R. Mukherjee and D. Nieto and \{O'Faol{\'a}in De Bhr{\'o}ithe\}, A. and Ong, \{R. A.\} and M. Orr and Otte, \{A. N.\} and D. Pandel and N. Park and V. Pelassa and Perkins, \{J. S.\} and A. Pichel and M. Pohl and A. Popkow and J. Quinn and K. Ragan and Reyes, \{L. C.\} and Reynolds, \{P. T.\} and E. Roache and J. Rousselle and Rovero, \{A. C.\} and Saxon, \{D. B.\} and Sembroski, \{G. H.\} and K. Shahinyan and F. Sheidaei and C. Skole and Smith, \{A. W.\} and D. Staszak and I. Telezhinsky and M. Theiling and Todd, \{N. W.\} and Tucci, \{J. V.\} and J. Tyler and A. Varlotta and Vassiliev, \{V. V.\} and S. Vincent and Wakely, \{S. P.\} and Weiner, \{O. M.\} and A. Weinstein and R. Welsing and A. Wilhelm and Williams, \{D. A.\} and B. Zitzer and Baring, \{M. G.\} and \{Becerra Gonz{\'a}lez\}, J. and Cillis, \{A. N.\} and D. Horan and D. Paneque",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 ESO.",

year = "2016",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.13025/27910",

language = "English (Ireland)",

volume = "594",

journal = "Astronomy \& Astrophysics",

}

Aliu, E, Archambault, S, Archer, A, Arlen, T, Aune, T, Barnacka, A, Behera, B, Beilicke, M, Benbow, W, Berger, K, Bird, R, Böttcher, M, Bouvier, A, Buchovecky, M, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, V, Cardenzana, JV, Cerruti, M, Cesarini, A, Chen, X, Ciupik, L, Collins-Hughes, E, Connolly, MP, Cui, W, Dumm, JP, Eisch, JD, Falcone, AD, Federici, S, Feng, Q, Finley, JP, Fleischhack, H, Fortin, P, Fortson, LF, Furniss, A, Galante, N, Gall, D, Gillanders, GH, Griffin, S, Griffiths, ST, Grube, J, Gyuk, G, Hütten, M, Håkansson, N, Holder, J, Hughes, G, Humensky, TB, Johnson, CA, Kaaret, P, Kar, P, Kelley-Hoskins, N, Kertzman, M, Khassen, Y, Kieda, DB, Krause, M, Krawczynski, H, Krennrich, F, Madhavan, AS, Maier, G, McArthur, S, McCann, AJ, Meagher, K, Millis, J, Moriarty, P, Mukherjee, R, Nieto, D, O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, A, Ong, RA, Orr, M, Otte, AN, Pandel, D, Park, N, Pelassa, V, Perkins, JS, Pichel, A, Pohl, M, Popkow, A, Quinn, J, Ragan, K, Reyes, LC, Reynolds, PT, Roache, E, Rousselle, J, Rovero, AC, Saxon, DB, Sembroski, GH, Shahinyan, K, Sheidaei, F, Skole, C, Smith, AW, Staszak, D, Telezhinsky, I, Theiling, M, Todd, NW, Tucci, JV, Tyler, J, Varlotta, A, Vassiliev, VV, Vincent, S, Wakely, SP, Weiner, OM, Weinstein, A, Welsing, R, Wilhelm, A, Williams, DA, Zitzer, B, Baring, MG, Becerra González, J, Cillis, AN, Horan, D & Paneque, D 2016, 'Very high energy outburst of Markarian 501 in May 2009', Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 594, A76. https://doi.org/10.13025/27910, https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628744

TY - JOUR

T1 - Very high energy outburst of Markarian 501 in May 2009

AU - Aliu, E.

AU - Archambault, S.

AU - Archer, A.

AU - Arlen, T.

AU - Aune, T.

AU - Barnacka, A.

AU - Behera, B.

AU - Beilicke, M.

AU - Benbow, W.

AU - Berger, K.

AU - Bird, R.

AU - Böttcher, M.

AU - Bouvier, A.

AU - Buchovecky, M.

AU - Buckley, J. H.

AU - Bugaev, V.

AU - Cardenzana, J. V.

AU - Cerruti, M.

AU - Cesarini, A.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Ciupik, L.

AU - Collins-Hughes, E.

AU - Connolly, M. P.

AU - Cui, W.

AU - Dumm, J. P.

AU - Eisch, J. D.

AU - Falcone, A. D.

AU - Federici, S.

AU - Feng, Q.

AU - Finley, J. P.

AU - Fleischhack, H.

AU - Fortin, P.

AU - Fortson, L. F.

AU - Furniss, A.

AU - Galante, N.

AU - Gall, D.

AU - Gillanders, G. H.

AU - Griffin, S.

AU - Griffiths, S. T.

AU - Grube, J.

AU - Gyuk, G.

AU - Hütten, M.

AU - Håkansson, N.

AU - Holder, J.

AU - Hughes, G.

AU - Humensky, T. B.

AU - Johnson, C. A.

AU - Kaaret, P.

AU - Kar, P.

AU - Kelley-Hoskins, N.

AU - Kertzman, M.

AU - Khassen, Y.

AU - Kieda, D. B.

AU - Krause, M.

AU - Krawczynski, H.

AU - Krennrich, F.

AU - Lang, Mark

AU - Madhavan, A. S.

AU - Maier, G.

AU - McArthur, S.

AU - McCann, A. J.

AU - Meagher, K.

AU - Millis, J.

AU - Moriarty, Patrick

AU - Mukherjee, R.

AU - Nieto, D.

AU - O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, A.

AU - Ong, R. A.

AU - Orr, M.

AU - Otte, A. N.

AU - Pandel, D.

AU - Park, N.

AU - Pelassa, V.

AU - Perkins, J. S.

AU - Pichel, A.

AU - Pohl, M.

AU - Popkow, A.

AU - Quinn, J.

AU - Ragan, K.

AU - Reyes, L. C.

AU - Reynolds, P. T.

AU - Roache, E.

AU - Rousselle, J.

AU - Rovero, A. C.

AU - Saxon, D. B.

AU - Sembroski, G. H.

AU - Shahinyan, K.

AU - Sheidaei, F.

AU - Skole, C.

AU - Smith, A. W.

AU - Staszak, D.

AU - Telezhinsky, I.

AU - Theiling, M.

AU - Todd, N. W.

AU - Tucci, J. V.

AU - Tyler, J.

AU - Varlotta, A.

AU - Vassiliev, V. V.

AU - Vincent, S.

AU - Wakely, S. P.

AU - Weiner, O. M.

AU - Weinstein, A.

AU - Welsing, R.

AU - Wilhelm, A.

AU - Williams, D. A.

AU - Zitzer, B.

AU - Baring, M. G.

AU - Becerra González, J.

AU - Cillis, A. N.

AU - Horan, D.

AU - Paneque, D.

PY - 2016/10/1

Y1 - 2016/10/1

N2 - The very high energy (VHE; E 100 GeV) blazar Markarian 501 was observed between April 17 and May 5 (MJD 54 938-54 956), 2009, as part of an extensive multiwavelength campaign from radio to VHE. Strong VHE yray activity was detected on May 1st with Whipple and VERITAS, when the flux (E 400 GeV) increased to 10 times the preflare baseline flux (3.9 x 10(-11) ph cm(-2) s(-1)), reaching five times the flux of the Crab Nebula. This coincided with a decrease in the optical polarization and a rotation of the polarization angle by 15. This VHE flare showed a fast flux variation with an increase of a factor similar to 4 in 25 min, and a falling time of similar to 50 min. We present the observations of the quiescent state previous to the flare and of the high state after the flare, focusing on the flux and spectral variability from Whipple, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, RXTE, and Swift combined with optical and radio data.

AB - The very high energy (VHE; E 100 GeV) blazar Markarian 501 was observed between April 17 and May 5 (MJD 54 938-54 956), 2009, as part of an extensive multiwavelength campaign from radio to VHE. Strong VHE yray activity was detected on May 1st with Whipple and VERITAS, when the flux (E 400 GeV) increased to 10 times the preflare baseline flux (3.9 x 10(-11) ph cm(-2) s(-1)), reaching five times the flux of the Crab Nebula. This coincided with a decrease in the optical polarization and a rotation of the polarization angle by 15. This VHE flare showed a fast flux variation with an increase of a factor similar to 4 in 25 min, and a falling time of similar to 50 min. We present the observations of the quiescent state previous to the flare and of the high state after the flare, focusing on the flux and spectral variability from Whipple, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, RXTE, and Swift combined with optical and radio data.

KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501

KW - Gamma rays: galaxies

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10193

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84992065841

U2 - 10.13025/27910

DO - 10.13025/27910

M3 - Article

VL - 594

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

M1 - A76

ER -

Very high energy outburst of Markarian 501 in May 2009

Abstract

Keywords

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