@inproceedings{ab1aead5de4146ceb326ed9ed81176e2,
title = "The Effect of Contact Pressure on Ex-vivo Measurements of the Conductivity of Liver",
abstract = "In this study we measured the electrical conductivity of bovine liver. The measurements were performed at frequencies from 10 Hz to 10 kHz (N=5 frequencies) using a custom four-electrode probe and a galvanostat. We examined how the pressure applied between the probe and the tissue influenced the conductivity of the tissue. We performed measurements at N=10 different pressure levels by both increasing (forward direction) and decreasing (reverse direction) the pressure. We found that the conductivity of the tissue drops with pressure, regardless of the direction. However, we found that the decrease of conductivity with respect to applied pressure was small compared to other soft tissues (e.g. muscle tissue). The results from this study suggest that the dependence of conductivity on applied pressure should not have a significant impact on the design of medical devices which depend on accurate knowledge of the impedance provided that their target is the liver.",
keywords = "biological tissues, conductivity, liver, measurements",
author = "Niko Istuk and Hamza Benchakroun and Elahi, \{Muhammad Adnan\} and Martin O'Halloran",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 European Association for Antennas and Propagation.; 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2022 ; Conference date: 27-03-2022 Through 01-04-2022",
year = "2022",
language = "English",
series = "2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2022",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
booktitle = "2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2022",
}