TY - JOUR
T1 - Prognostic role of androgen receptor in triple negative breast cancer
T2 - A multi-institutional study
AU - Bhattarai, Shristi
AU - Klimov, Sergey
AU - Mittal, Karuna
AU - Krishnamurti, Uma
AU - Li, Xiaoxian Bill
AU - Oprea-Ilies, Gabriela
AU - Wetherilt, Ceyda Sonmez
AU - Riaz, Ansa
AU - Aleskandarany, Mohammed A.
AU - Green, Andrew R.
AU - Ellis, Ian O.
AU - Cantuaria, Guilherme
AU - Gupta, Meenakshi
AU - Manne, Upender
AU - Agboola, Johnson
AU - Baskovich, Brett
AU - Janssen, Emiel A.M.
AU - Callagy, Grace
AU - Walsh, Elaine M.
AU - Mehta, Anurag
AU - Dogra, Atika
AU - Shet, Tanuja
AU - Gajaria, Pooja
AU - Traina, Tiffany
AU - Nggada, Haruna A.
AU - Omonisi, Abidemi
AU - Ahmed, Saad A.
AU - Rakha, Emad A.
AU - Rida, Padmashree
AU - Aneja, Ritu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2019/7
Y1 - 2019/7
N2 - Background: The androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for AR-positive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, conflicting reports regarding AR’s prognostic role in TNBC are putting its usefulness in question. Some studies conclude that AR positivity indicates a good prognosis in TNBC, whereas others suggest the opposite, and some show that AR status has no significant bearing on the patients’ prognosis. Methods: We evaluated the prognostic value of AR in resected primary tumors from TNBC patients from six international cohorts {US (n = 420), UK (n = 239), Norway (n = 104), Ireland (n = 222), Nigeria (n = 180), and India (n = 242); total n = 1407}. All TNBC samples were stained with the same anti-AR antibody using the same immunohistochemistry protocol, and samples with ≥1% of AR-positive nuclei were deemed AR-positive TNBCs. Results: AR status shows population-specific patterns of association with patients’ overall survival after controlling for age, grade, population, and chemotherapy. We found AR-positive status to be a marker of good prognosis in US and Nigerian cohorts, a marker of poor prognosis in Norway, Ireland and Indian cohorts, and neutral in UK cohort. Conclusion: AR status, on its own, is not a reliable prognostic marker. More research to investigate molecular subtype composition among the different cohorts is warranted.
AB - Background: The androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for AR-positive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, conflicting reports regarding AR’s prognostic role in TNBC are putting its usefulness in question. Some studies conclude that AR positivity indicates a good prognosis in TNBC, whereas others suggest the opposite, and some show that AR status has no significant bearing on the patients’ prognosis. Methods: We evaluated the prognostic value of AR in resected primary tumors from TNBC patients from six international cohorts {US (n = 420), UK (n = 239), Norway (n = 104), Ireland (n = 222), Nigeria (n = 180), and India (n = 242); total n = 1407}. All TNBC samples were stained with the same anti-AR antibody using the same immunohistochemistry protocol, and samples with ≥1% of AR-positive nuclei were deemed AR-positive TNBCs. Results: AR status shows population-specific patterns of association with patients’ overall survival after controlling for age, grade, population, and chemotherapy. We found AR-positive status to be a marker of good prognosis in US and Nigerian cohorts, a marker of poor prognosis in Norway, Ireland and Indian cohorts, and neutral in UK cohort. Conclusion: AR status, on its own, is not a reliable prognostic marker. More research to investigate molecular subtype composition among the different cohorts is warranted.
KW - Androgen receptor
KW - Multi-institutional study
KW - Prognosis
KW - Triple-negative breast cancer
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071184274&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/cancers11070995
DO - 10.3390/cancers11070995
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85071184274
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 11
JO - Cancers
JF - Cancers
IS - 7
M1 - 995
ER -
