Multifaceted Sensory Electrical Stimulation cueing for Freezing of Gait in Parkinsons disease

Sensory Electrical Stimulation (sES) cueing of the lower limb may provide a means to ameliorate on-state Freezing of Gait (FoG)[1]. Here, we report the results from a multifaceted sES cueing strategy, which aims to compensate for the multiple physiological abnormalities reported to be associated with FoG (internal rhythm generation, cognitive attentional mechanisms, and proprioceptive information processes [24]). A cross-over study was performed, with 10 non-cognitively impaired idiopathic Parkinsons disease participants (8 males and 2 females, mean age 70.9±6.89 years and disease duration 14.6±2.8 years). All participants experienced a history of on-state FoG, which was rated as at least 2 (Moderately) on item 2 (affecting daily activities and independence) and at least a 3 (often, about once a day) on item 3 (freezing when walking) on the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ)[5].