Extreme softness of brain matter in simple shear

M. Destrade; M. D. Gilchrist; J. G. Murphy; B. Rashid; G. Saccomandi

doi:10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2015.02.014

Extreme softness of brain matter in simple shear

M. Destrade
, M. D. Gilchrist
, J. G. Murphy
, B. Rashid
, G. Saccomandi

Mathematics

University College Dublin
Dublin City University
Research and Development
University of Galway
University of Perugia

Research output: Contribution to a Journal (Peer & Non Peer) › Article › peer-review

88 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We show that porcine brain matter can be modelled accurately as a very soft rubber-like material using the Mooney-Rivlin strain energy function, up to strains as high as 60%. This result followed from simple shear experiments performed on small rectangular fresh samples (2.5 cm³ and 1.1 cm³) at quasi-static strain rates. They revealed a linear shear stress-shear strain relationship (^R2>0.97), characteristic of Mooney-Rivlin materials at large strains. We found that porcine brain matter is about 30 times less resistant to shear forces than a silicone gel. We also verified experimentally that brain matter exhibits the positive Poynting effect of non-linear elasticity, and numerically that the stress and strain fields remain mostly homogeneous throughout the thickness of the samples in simple shear.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	54-58
Number of pages	5
Journal	International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
Volume	75
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2015.02.014
Publication status	Published - 11 Jun 2015

Keywords

Constitutive modelling
Experimental testing
Mechanics of brain matter
Poynting effect
Simple shear
Simulations

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10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2015.02.014

Cite this

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title = "Extreme softness of brain matter in simple shear",

abstract = "We show that porcine brain matter can be modelled accurately as a very soft rubber-like material using the Mooney-Rivlin strain energy function, up to strains as high as 60\%. This result followed from simple shear experiments performed on small rectangular fresh samples (2.5 cm3 and 1.1 cm3) at quasi-static strain rates. They revealed a linear shear stress-shear strain relationship (R2>0.97), characteristic of Mooney-Rivlin materials at large strains. We found that porcine brain matter is about 30 times less resistant to shear forces than a silicone gel. We also verified experimentally that brain matter exhibits the positive Poynting effect of non-linear elasticity, and numerically that the stress and strain fields remain mostly homogeneous throughout the thickness of the samples in simple shear.",

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T1 - Extreme softness of brain matter in simple shear

AU - Destrade, M.

AU - Gilchrist, M. D.

AU - Murphy, J. G.

AU - Rashid, B.

AU - Saccomandi, G.

PY - 2015/6/11

Y1 - 2015/6/11

N2 - We show that porcine brain matter can be modelled accurately as a very soft rubber-like material using the Mooney-Rivlin strain energy function, up to strains as high as 60%. This result followed from simple shear experiments performed on small rectangular fresh samples (2.5 cm3 and 1.1 cm3) at quasi-static strain rates. They revealed a linear shear stress-shear strain relationship (R2>0.97), characteristic of Mooney-Rivlin materials at large strains. We found that porcine brain matter is about 30 times less resistant to shear forces than a silicone gel. We also verified experimentally that brain matter exhibits the positive Poynting effect of non-linear elasticity, and numerically that the stress and strain fields remain mostly homogeneous throughout the thickness of the samples in simple shear.

AB - We show that porcine brain matter can be modelled accurately as a very soft rubber-like material using the Mooney-Rivlin strain energy function, up to strains as high as 60%. This result followed from simple shear experiments performed on small rectangular fresh samples (2.5 cm3 and 1.1 cm3) at quasi-static strain rates. They revealed a linear shear stress-shear strain relationship (R2>0.97), characteristic of Mooney-Rivlin materials at large strains. We found that porcine brain matter is about 30 times less resistant to shear forces than a silicone gel. We also verified experimentally that brain matter exhibits the positive Poynting effect of non-linear elasticity, and numerically that the stress and strain fields remain mostly homogeneous throughout the thickness of the samples in simple shear.

KW - Constitutive modelling

KW - Experimental testing

KW - Mechanics of brain matter

KW - Poynting effect

KW - Simple shear

KW - Simulations

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84930573662

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2015.02.014

DO - 10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2015.02.014

M3 - Article

SN - 0020-7462

VL - 75

SP - 54

EP - 58

JO - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics

JF - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics

ER -

Extreme softness of brain matter in simple shear

Abstract

Keywords

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