Evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the breast

Aims: This study aimed to examine the feasibility of utilizing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) of the breast for the planning of surgical intervention following neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Methods: Following their neoadjuvant therapy, women with LABC were followed-up by DCE-MRI in addition to clinical examination and mammography. If any modality suggested residual disease, surgery was carried out - initially salvage mastectomy and then breast-conserving surgery where appropriate. Results: Seventeen women were recruited: stage III (n = 16), stage IV (n = 1) mean age 55 (range 34-74). Following neoadjuvant therapy, 10 mastectomies and two local excisions were performed for 10 histologically confirmed residual cancers. Median follow-up for those women not undergoing surgery is 3.24 (IQR 2.8-3.5) years. DCE-MRI proved 100% accurate for the delineation of residual disease and facilitated the planning of the local excisions. Clinical examination and mammography proved inaccurate (PPV 83% and 75% and NPV 55% and 80%, respectively). Conclusions: DCE-MRI is a potentially accurate method of delineating residual tumour following neoadjuvant therapy for LABC and may be used to plan appropriate operative intervention where required.