An exploration of the use of artificial intelligence to supplement activity performance in acquired brain injury: a single case experimental design

Assistive technology in neurorehabilitation has the potential to reduce caregiver burden, care costs and increase individual autonomy. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a voice-controlled artificial intelligence application (Smart Steps AI) in supporting the occupational performance of domestic activities of daily living in persons with an acquired brain injury. This study adopted a single participant, ABA introduction/withdrawal single case experimental design. A sequence performance scale was developed to assess the target behaviour. The Behavioural Rating Scale for Executive Function–Adult Informant Report Form was used a control measure. The Kettle Test was used as a generalisability measure. A learning effect was observed across the phases. Smart Steps AI showed limited therapeutic impact with the participant and requires further refinement before broader implementation. This study is the first known study of its kind to use artificial intelligence to supplement occupational performance following a brain injury. This study is considered a pilot project and future research should attempt to replicate the study.