Research output per year
Research output per year
Accepting PhD Students
PhD projects
Palestine, law and technologies, cybersecurity law, the protection of the natural environment in armed conflicts, international humanitarian law, human rights, public international law.
Dr. Qandeel is a Lecturer in International Law at the Irish Centre for Human Rights. She is a promoted Associate Professor (Reader) of International Law / Law and Technologies in Sweden in 2024. Dr Qandeel is a licensed lawyer with 20 years of experience at in academia, law practice and organisations/institutions in, among others, Switzerland, Belgium, The Netherlands, USA and Palestine. She has extensive experience in international humanitarian law and the question of Palestine.
Dr Qandeel holds an LLM of international law from the University of Pittsburgh, USA, and a Ph.D. of international humanitarian law ( with a focus on Palestine) from the University of Fribourg, Switzerland. She is the author of, among others, Enforcing Human Rights of Palestinians in the Occupied Territory, Violence and State Attribution: The Case of Palestine, and The Palestinian Environment under Military Occupation: International Humanitarian Law Perspective.
Her research has three themes:
i) the question of Palestine under belligerent occupation
ii) implications of new technologies on human rights – human rights in cyberspace in connection with cyber norms and cybersecurity - and the rule of law
iii) the protection of the natural environment in international law, especially in armed conflicts.
Cybersecurity law, the rule of law and human rights.
Fundamental rights in cyberspace.
International humanitarian law and the protection of civilians under belligerent occupation.
The question of territorial annexation by force.
The protection of the natural environment during armed conflicts.
Cybersecurity and cybercrimes
Fundamental rights in cyberspace
International humanitarian law
Human rights law
Comparative law
Legal theory
Project 1: Large Language Models in Conflict: Knowledge, Legitimacy, and AI in Contested Territories
This project opens new directions for conceptualizing the emerging role of artificial intelligence (AI) as epistemic infrastructure in war and conflict affected contexts. It brings together diverse perspectives through a sociotechnical entry point to examine how AI systems generate, structure, and legitimize knowledge, with particular attention to the infrastructural processes that govern what becomes visible, knowable, and actionable. Ethical and legal dimensions are treated as intrinsic to these processes, and the project seeks to establish a basis for understanding how questions of law, human rights, proportionality, and accountability emerge from, and are shaped by, the ways AI infrastructures organize knowledge. It also considers how such knowledge practices affect informational security and society more broadly.
Project 2: International Law in Times of Conflict and Geopolitical Upheaval
From a comparative international law (CIL) perspective, we ask: how do States perform their international obligations over time and in connection to other States? During the current violent events in the world and geopolitical upheaval, some States are showing signs of reversing long-established positions and inconsistent implementation of international obligations. As much as this may be driven by political and military interests. We aim to examine government responses, shifts in international legal positions, and the role and direction of legal advice. We will also examine directions taken in international legal scholarship.
PhD
In 2015, UN member states agreed to 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. This person’s work contributes towards the following SDG(s):
Research output: Contribution to a Journal (Peer & Non Peer) › Article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to a Journal (Peer & Non Peer) › Article › peer-review
Research output: Chapter in Book or Conference Publication/Proceeding › Chapter › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to a Journal (Peer & Non Peer) › Comment/debate
Research output: Contribution to a Journal (Peer & Non Peer) › Comment/debate
Darcy, S., Abtli, B., Nuseibah, M., Qandeel, M. & Reynolds, J.
3/11/25
1 Media contribution
Press/Media